ABSTRACT
Continuing and persistent underdevelopment in the politically independent countries of the so-called Third World has been explained in a number of different ways by social scientists, but these explanations may be seen as falling into various broad categories. The essential dilemma of such a monarch is to promote economic development without upsetting the delicate political stalemate that he has helped maintain. It is necessary, at this point, to reiterate the fact that changes brought about by 'development planning' are very recent in this area, and that, in most cases, such planning has merely accentuated certain types of conflict and accelerated existing trends. The Spanish military expansion into northeast Morocco, in 1909, from a bridgehead in Melilla, pacification and colonisation of the whole of northern Morocco until 1956, brought about radical changes throughout the area and accelerated and accentuated many of the changes taking place.
