ABSTRACT
This chapter’s focus is on global developments and milestones in the continuing progress of international environmental law toward the conservation of biodiversity. It also explores incidental matters such as biosafety, bioprospecting and associated considerations around access and benefit sharing to genetic resources and traditional knowledge of Indigenous peoples and local communities. The chapter is centred around the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) and its two principal protocols – the Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety and the Nagoya Protocol on Access and Benefit-Sharing. Using the program of work of the CBD and the two protocols, it highlights current attempts to harmonise the implementation of biodiversity conservation with Agenda 2030 and the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals.
