ABSTRACT
This chapter explores the progress and challenges for achieving the Sustainable Development Goal 3 “Ensure healthy lives and promote well-being for all at all ages.” It focuses on addressing the growing burden of non-communicable diseases through a health-trade policy coherence framework, and supporting the research and development of vaccines and medicines for communicable and non-communicable diseases, providing access to affordable essential medicines and vaccines, in accordance with the Doha Declaration on the TRIPS Agreement and Public Health. Maternal and child mortality rates have been reduced, life expectancy continues to increase globally, and the fight against some infectious diseases has made steady progress. In the case of other diseases, however, progress has slowed or stalled, including global efforts to eradicate malaria and tuberculosis. Far too many deaths occurred because trained health workers or routine interventions, such as immunizations, were not available.
