ABSTRACT
This chapter summarizes the contents of various chapters and highlights their possible contribution to the people understanding of urban China. Theoretically, many popular concepts in the urban China research literature must be reviewed thoroughly. Coining these two concepts to expose the deficiency of urban China research and then suggesting possible improvements is one thing, how to actually do it is another. Tim Oakes put forward two conceptual distinctions regarding urbanization for urban China research. Chan's contribution to urban China research is that instead of looking to the West for analytical insights, one should turn to the Soviet practices to avoid random conceptual indigenization and appropriation. In the chapter in this book, he has focused more specifically on the conceptual understanding of town and country in China. Oakes focuses on the production of ideology within the context of state-building and party-state power.
