ABSTRACT
Childhood and culture in society
This chapter explores the multidirectional link between children and culture in a societal context. Drawing on sociological and developmental conceptual frameworks, the chapter considers cultural-based social constructions of children and childhood and how these are context-based and, therefore, nuanced. Thus, a critique of the notion of universal childhoods is conducted, emphasising the impact such contextual differences have on children’s participation. Related to this, the chapter draws comparisons between agency and passive paradigms, highlighting the conflicted coexistence of the two in parenting, education and care practices. To illustrate this conundrum, risky play, particularly its meaning and manifestation in practice, is examined. Additionally, the role of children in society from two dominant perspectives – developmental and futuristic – is explored. Current perspectives on childhood and the impact of globalisation on these perspectives is another theme discussed in this chapter. This links to the role and impact of technology on children and childhood. The chapter considers the challenges that early years professionals can face when defining childhood and promotes critical reflection on their own and others views on what it means to be a child. Across all the themes within the chapter, the overarching goal is considering the implications for practice, children and childhood.
