ABSTRACT
This chapter is our update on how the mindlines model has been used since it was introduced. We base this on a review of some 1,000 publications and on a series of interviews. We ask how the advent of easily accessed online information has impacted on the model, before exploring how its different facets have been used in other people’s research and thinking, and how the model has been used to explain and improve suboptimal care. We end by warning that mindlines are not just a simple ‘fast and frugal’ form of thinking, as some have assumed; they are fast thinking that is slow and arduous to learn and update, and therefore are not subject to the same errors as heurists.
