ABSTRACT
The chapter examines current theoretical perspectives, concepts and definitions applied to propaganda, disinformation, covert information operations and hybrid threats and considers how concepts evolved while being reframed by major studies in the field. It starts from a clear delineation of the informational spectre from the other facets of hybrid conflicts—be they related to infrastructure, cyber, space, economy, military/defence, culture, social/societal, public administration, legal, diplomacy, political and information. Furthermore, the chapter aims to strike a necessary balance between the Eastern and Western doctrines, highlighting points of confluence and most of all approaches towards new technologies and their use in waging hybrid warfare while at the same time building resilience to adversarial acts.
