ABSTRACT
This chapter discusses the incorporation of migrants into welfare states and how different welfare states affect migrants’ social and citizenship rights. Comparative scholarship on welfare states during the past decade has, however, ignored migrants yet their social rights are a major issue because of their significance in many states in the Global North, whether in Europe or North America. The increasingly differentiated types of migration according to level of skill and whether it is intra-European or third-country nationals has since the 1990s led to a highly stratified set of rights. Access to welfare has become increasingly politicised and restriction of social rights in particular becomes common in attempts to reduce long-term settlement. This was the case of Brexit in the UK even before the referendum in 2016 and the growing reliance on temporary migrants in traditional settler states such as Australia and Canada. The chapter also looks at migrants not only as consumers of welfare transfers and services but as providers of labour for social reproductive and welfare services in households, voluntary organisations, and public sectors, both for the native population and for their own communities.
