ABSTRACT
This chapter considers the role of the state in shaping the reproductive strategies of individuals, families, and communities in an increasingly globalized world. We argue this is principally achieved through pro- and anti-natalist and immigration policies, by enumerating and classifying its population for differential treatment, and by defining and redefining the boundaries of the nation. The reproductive interests of the state are also revealed through the establishment and persistence of such institutions as public hospitals and social welfare organizations. We show how “stratified” and “contingent” reproduction, in which some groups are encouraged to reproduce, while others are discouraged, stigmatized, or punished, pose threats to women’s reproductive freedom worldwide. We pay special attention to the consequences of the contemporary global rise of authoritarianism for state governments and their reproductive policies and practices.
