ABSTRACT
This chapter examines Pakistan’s relations with Afghanistan from the former’s viewpoint. It traces the history of tension and cooperation and identifies low and high points in the relationship as well as the issues of contention. It discusses the dispute over the Durand Line; the proposal of the Pakistan–Afghanistan confederation that once came under consideration; cooperation amidst dispute; and the impact of the Soviet (1980s) and US (in the form of War on Terror) invasions and subsequent withdrawals. The chapter examines developments taking place in the wake of 9/11 and scrutinizes matters related to peace-building processes (2004–2021) and other latest developments.
