ABSTRACT
This chapter explores the construction of a “click Christian holy communion” (e-koinonia) in virtual space during the COVID-19 pandemic. Indonesian church members have re-shaped Holy Communion through participation in online Christian rituals. The COVID-19 pandemic encouraged churches to de-construct and re-construct the concept of the ritual and worship sphere from a physical place to a virtual space; the new click-holy communion de-constructs the sacramental sphere from an atomic vicinity to digital space. Previous research has investigated the concept of online ritual, sacred space, the COVID-19 pandemic, and cybertheology. This chapter furthers such research by examining the intersection of the sociology of religion and ritual studies, employing the sociology of space and the sociology of prayer to analyze the practical experience of Christian rituals in Indonesia, the world's largest Muslim-majority country. Data come from online ethnography, focus group discussions with Christian church leaders, in-depth interviews with active church members, and participant observation during Indonesian Christian virtual services in two Calvinist churches in eastern Indonesia. This chapter argues that the concept of Holy Communion in Christian ritual has shifted from atomic place to digital space, creating a click-based Christian ritual (ritual-ick).
