ABSTRACT
Conservation agriculture (CA) has emerged as a climate smart practice, which can bring sustainability to food production in vulnerable climatic conditions. CA-based agroforestry also plays an effective role in lowering the vulnerability and enhancing the resilience of agriculture against climate extremes. Agroforestry is a multi-faceted subject, which along with CA can sustain the yield with minimal environmental damage. Combining CA with agroforestry increases C sequestration, and also improves the availability of nutrients and soil faunal abundance. In addition, it helps in biodiversity conservation and reduces pressures on forests for various products, namely fruit, fodder, fuel-wood, and timber. Accordingly, it increases livelihood opportunities and nutritional security, as well as providing various ecosystem services, such as provisioning, regulating, supporting, and cultural services under the era of climate change. This chapter presents the role of CA agroforestry on crop yields, soil properties, and ecosystem services, and also livelihood security in the context of climate change.
