ABSTRACT
In this chapter, the authors expand on several issues that arise in a context characterised by a socio-ecological crisis and a process of neoextractivist expansion that has resulted in conflicts between the companies in the extractive sector, the states that support their extractive ventures, and the active resistance of the communities on the extractive frontier. The authors dissect the dynamics of these conflicts and disputed territorialities as they relate to and play out in the context of local community-based development, with reference to developments in the Andean-Amazon region, one an exemplar of a left-leaning ‘progressive’ post-neoliberal regime, the other a classically neoliberal regime. The authors in this context argue that extractivism can be conceptualised as an inherent part of global capitalist accumulation and as such a glocal phenomenon; that is, it is conditioned by globalisation but anchored locally, a phenomenon that has led to an increasing number of conflicts and increased violence against movements resisting extractivism and its destructive socio-environmental impact on the communities.
