ABSTRACT
Universal questions of what is right and wrong, and what love, compassion, morality, justice, and revenge should look like, have been reflected in the historical mission of religion. Religious questions encapsulate the image of humanity and its moral dilemmas. Numerous aspects of the history of scientific atheism have been analysed from different perspectives. Atheism in the Soviet Union was one of the key elements in the process of building the ‘sameness’ of the nation. The principle of national self-determination and the idea of flourishing ‘Soviet nations’ that could keep and protect their ethnicity-based cultures, existed purely in theory. The Soviet Union actively promoted atheism as a key tenet of its ideology. The Soviets actively sought to prevent religious education and replace it with atheistic propaganda. By 1941, less than 8 percent of the Russian Orthodox Churches functioning in 1914 were still in existence.
