ABSTRACT
Engagement in physical activity has a range of important physical, social, and mental health benefits for young people. Nutrition to support growth and development as well as optimal sports performance for young athletes is reviewed in this chapter. Key areas of consideration include the need for additional energy and key nutrients such as protein, carbohydrate, iron, and calcium. There is often an attraction to dietary supplements and ergogenic aids but a ‘food first’ approach is recommended with an overarching philosophy of encouraging healthy eating and physical, mental, and technical development over the use of supplements. Additionally, pressure to attain a specific weight or body composition can encourage restrictive eating practices. Despite earlier concerns, younger athletes are not at a greater risk of exertional heat illness than adults. Involvement in sport may provide motivation for improved dietary practices to support performance and is an opportunity to establish healthy eating habits, a positive relationship with food and a robust body image.
