ABSTRACT
In Chapter 13, Raúl Tebaldi discusses The Ego and the Id from the perspective of the epistemology of complexity. He highlights that it serves as an example of Freud’s model, anticipating modern epistemology. Tebaldi is interested in showing the co-existence of different psychic agencies and drives, the concept of “limit”, and the interactions among them. The author underlines that in The Ego and the Id, there is an integration of different notions of psychic functioning from a stand-point that appeals to a humanist perspective, and he states that Freud confronted colleagues with other realities disturbing therapeutic success, such as negative therapeutic reactions, masochism, and so on. He suggests that post-Freudian authors have needed a common trunk to enable us to integrate different theories. For this purpose, Freud’s methodological articulation in The Ego and the Id provides us with a fundamental model.
