ABSTRACT
Chemicals are vital to Society health, wealth and economic development in both developed and developing countries, with the chemical sector contributing considerably to the global economy. Toxic Industrial Chemicals (TICs) can be defined as industrial chemicals whose production, transportation and accumulation are very affordable that’s why these chemicals can be utilized throughout the world. The major problem exposed to these chemicals is chemical hazards or physical hazards. India has continued to experience a chain of chemical catastrophes after Bhopal exposed the susceptibility of community living near chemical factories. Three major chemical incidents that occurred during the last 25 years include: vapour cloud explosion at HPCL refinery at Visakhapatnam (1997); an explosion in IPCL Gas Cracker Complex, Nagothane, Maharashtra (1990); and; fire in an oil well in Andhra Pradesh. Accidents involving the discharge of chemicals into the environment have the potential to cause havoc on ecosystems. For instance, the ecological impact of Bhopal Gas Tragedy resulted in the contamination of around 15 km2 with highly toxic chemicals. A large number of chemicals as well as a large number of possible release circumstances indicate that the series of probable chemical incidents is virtually unlimited. Consequently, before any emergency preparation and awareness, risk must be prioritized and then minimise it. The prioritisation factors included physicochemical properties of the toxic chemicals, their health and environmental concerns, manufacture and amount used in national level, and the history of chemical incidents occurred. Preparedness is a condition of preparation that is closely related to readiness. It consists of a number of components, including training and exercising. The purpose of this review is to build awareness for risk investigation and ranking of industrial chemicals in order to identify the most harmful chemical to human health.
