ABSTRACT

Today, most people around the world can feel how climate change impacts their daily lives with spikes in food prices, homes becoming prone to natural disasters and more expensive to insure, the pollution of air, water, and food, or supply chains getting disrupted. In fact, global warming may be the biggest health threat facing humanity, according to the World Health Organization. Meanwhile, climate and environmental change are becoming increasingly important to businesses and the private sector. As sustainability concepts made their inroads into academia and businesses, they were eventually linked to the concepts of the triple bottom line or the three P's of people, planet, and profit, the UN Sustainable Development Goals and Environmental, Social, Governance standards, frameworks, and rankings. Despite environmental and climate progress in some areas, the social deficit in businesses continues to make headlines worldwide, ranging from modern-day slavery; to people losing their livelihoods to floods or drought.