ABSTRACT
This chapter overviews the findings from a number of different areas of cognitive research that are potentially applicable to the cognitive engineering of advanced information systems. It reviews the research literature for four cognitive process areas: judgment, decision making, memory, and attention, in which the latter includes reference to work-load research. Wohl presented a paradigm within the context of military tactical decision making that expands on the activities in Simon’s and Huber’s paradigms. Intelligence activities are differentiated between the Stimulus and Hypothesis elements of the Stimulus-Hypothesis-Option-Response paradigm. Klein’s recognition-primed decision model has different levels of “recognition” and, therefore, delineates different cases under which decision makers generate and evaluate individual or multiple options. The chapter also overviews three areas of research about how people make judgments about the world: research performed within the context of Social Judgment Theory; research on cognitive heuristics and biases; and research on expertise.
