ABSTRACT
This chapter provides ways to systematically develop procedures for collecting and organizing data, analysis processes, and data interpretation. Quantitative data collection occurs when the results of assessment are intended to be expressed numerically. Quantitative methods are generally the preferred choice of data collection when sample size is large. An association or correlation exists if the occurrence of one variable is affected by the presence, absence, or score of another event. If the relationship between the two variables is positive, an increase in one variable will cause an increase in the other; if their relationship is negative, a decrease in one will cause an increase in the other. In fact, many low-stakes testing situations for placement of the college-going public, for instance, in a community or two-year college now may have a high-stakes impact on funding for that institution, and how the college is perceived by stakeholders.
