ABSTRACT
This conclusion presents some closing thoughts on the concepts covered in the preceding chapters of this book. The book examines the use of assessments in higher education both within the academy and outside the academy. It identifies three foundations of assessment practice—validity, reliability, and fairness—and provides guidance for best practices in those areas of assessment. The book discusses direct assessments, or assessments that measure the student learning outcomes for a program. It outlines some of the methods used to establish validity, reliability, and fairness evidence within the context of direct and indirect assessments, respectively. The book provides three case studies of assessment practices in three colleges or universities. Each case study is based on recognition of the importance of considering psychometric properties of assessments at the institutions.
