ABSTRACT
L earning cities represents a phrase evolving from ideas about a learning society or lifelong education. The phrase transcends education and learning from formative schools and expands across diverse sectors of communities including business, environment, arts, recreation, technology, public health, and community service. Learning cities can be described as the citizenship of learning, civitas cognitionis, where individuals and communities in local areas come together by sharing their diverse knowledge, skills, and talents for the betterment of all learners and citizens.
