ABSTRACT
Among the most useful elements in Malcolm Knowles’s work are the six assumptions and eight processes of andragogy (Knowles, 1990, 1995). The six assumptions are as follows: need to know, learner self-direction, role of learner experience, readiness to learn, orientation to learning, and motivation. The following are the eight processes: preparation, conducive learning climate, mutual planning, collaborative need diagno- sis, mutually set objectives, contracted learning plans, collaboratively con- ducted activities, and learner-directed evaluation. Knowles’s significant body of work provides numerous explanations, designs, and strategies that may be adapted for use.
