ABSTRACT
This chapter provides theoretical and conceptual frameworks to guide research and practice, critical evaluation of existing research, recommendations for assessment, implications for practice, and recommendations for research. It begins with an overview of Van de Ven's diamond model of engaged scholarship, which is also relevant to community-based pedagogies such as service learning. It presents the Psycho-Ecological Systems Model for engaged scholarship and service learning research. Van de Ven's model is helpful in describing a general strategy for engaged scholarship or service learning, but it does not incorporate understanding how a service learning course may be designed to target one system or multiple systems. A biopsychosocial model is a matrix of vulnerabilities, risks, resiliencies, and protective resources that interact at different developmental periods to influence an individual's health or well being. The chapter provides a review of quantitative and qualitative studies that investigate community outcomes associated with service learning.
