ABSTRACT
Hypnosis developed from the creative therapeutic techniques of a number of 18th- and 19th-century practitioners. In the 18th and 19th centuries, medical hypnotists strove for a more scientific and scholarly base for hypnosis, with scholarly journals founded as early as 1786. In the 20th century, scientific research on hypnosis came into its own with researchers from Ernest and Josephine Hilgard to Martin Orne. Research on clinical applications of hypnosis followed, along with studies monitoring neural processes accompanying hypnosis.
