ABSTRACT
Globalization has made the innovation systems transcend their national borders to become global, thus broadening the interactive space of knowledge generation wherein the bearing of global institutional architecture in governing interactions becomes more than ever before. With the ongoing process of globalization that has given rise to global value chains and global innovation networks, as we have argued, what equally matters is the global innovation system. However, the pandemic has brought to the fore, once again, the role and relevance of the national innovation systems and the innovation systems at the sectoral and regional levels. The three plausible pathways distilled from these contributions in terms of reimagining global institutional architecture, reincarnation of the state, and engagement with concerns of inclusion and sustainability converge to a new global social contract for addressing knowledge and capability divide at the global, national, local, sectoral, and corporate levels.
