ABSTRACT
The COVID-19 pandemic has had an unprecedented impact on human lives and economies across the world. The convergence of the National and Sectoral Innovation Systems was quite evident during the pandemic within the bio-medical sector. The analytical framework that captures the emergence of Integrated Innovation System comprises five key parameters, viz. regulatory enablers, resource mobilization, research collaboration, innovation policy initiatives, and entrepreneurial ecosystem. There is a need to establish an institutional ecosystem to facilitate the timely and smooth integration of different systems of innovation. During the pandemic, there has been a remarkable evolution of the entrepreneurial ecosystem, led by domestic private sector and startups in India. During the pandemic, apart from experiencing the impact of global supply chain disruption of electronics and chips, India could sail through the challenging period due to its strong food and medical supply chain networks. Digital technologies have also been the basis of many startups in India.
