ABSTRACT
China is currently the biggest energy consumer and GHG emitter in the world. To fulfil its nationally determined contributions (NDCs) to the Paris Agreement, China has been steadfastly reducing its energy and carbon intensity. It also proposed the “30-60” strategy to reach carbon peak and neutrality. In the post-Paris Agreement era, China is also experiencing an unprecedented energy transition in scale and volume, formulating an energy trilemma of “sustainability, security and equity”. This chapter applies the World Energy Trilemma Index framework to examine the status quo of China's energy transition, trilemma, sum up its contributing factors, problems, and potential solutions, and propose a set of policy recommendations. The outcome of this study provides specific insights to balance the energy trilemma along with their reduction goals in BRICS countries and beyond.
