ABSTRACT
This chapter examines three important stages in the development of management ideologies as an index to broader concepts for organizing capitalist society. In the first stage, during which notions of Taylorism and scientific management dominated the rhetoric of industrial leadership, the manager was supposedly to serve as engineer. In the second stage, from the Depression through the 1940s and into the 1950s, the manager was to act as psychologist. Finally, at the end of these developments one can discern an additional concept: the manager as strategist, the business leader directing corporate acquisitions in a global economic milieu. Management, however, also entailed concern for the enterprise as a social organization and not merely as a productive unit. It drew upon legacies of paternalism derived from social Catholicism on the continent, from evangelical reform in Protestant cultures, and from the liberals’ search for rehabilitative institutions in the late eighteenth and early nineteenth century.
