ABSTRACT
This century has been characterized by enormous advances in almost all aspects of human achievements. A person bom at the end of the 20th century and still alive has witnessed more of technical evolution than occured during the preceding millions of years of the Homo family. During close to 100 % of this era the Homo species were hunters/food gatherers. Evolution of a species is a measure of the success of evolution in adapting an organism to particular environmental conditions. We became adapted to a life-style as hunters-gatherers. This also applies to our emotional and social lives and to our intellectual skills. Major adaptations for survival were consonant with habitual physical activity, including, e.g. endurance, muscle strength, and eventually peak efforts alternated with rest and socialization. Now, after a short spell in an agrarian culture, we have in some “priviledged” societies ended up in an urbanized, highly technologic society dominated by a sedentary life-style.
