ABSTRACT

Khyung-sprul ’Jigs-med nam-mkha’i rdo-rje (1897–1955) belonged to a generation of Tibetans who were well aware of, and sometimes even familiar with, the greater world surrounding Tibet, but who were at the same time deeply imbued with traditional Tibetan culture and learning. Like a small number of other Tibetan monks in the first half of this century, Khyung-sprul travelled as a pilgrim in India, and has left fairly detailed records of his travels.