ABSTRACT
In 1463, Pachacuti turned over military command to his son, Topa Inca Yupanqui, and Topa extended the empire even farther north and south, well into modern Ecuador and throughout Bolivia and northern Chile. For his part, Pachacuti turned his attention to perfecting the governance of the Incan Empire, ensuring a regular and predictable administration, extensive transportation infrastructure and commercial regulation, and a way for conquered peoples, even those who were not of Incan descent, to wield some power. Under Pachacuti, the Inca organized all of the empire's peoples, thus ensuring that the Inca had not only an effective accounting of all of the members of the empire but also a ready source of labor and low-level positions of responsibility in which the leaders of conquered peoples could serve.
