ABSTRACT
This chapter discusses how SEA methodologies — the approaches and tech-niques used to carry out SEAs — are used in practice, based on an analysis of approximately 100 SEAs from around the world. It shows that, contrary to popular belief, SEA techniques do exist and are usable in their present form. This chapter is structured according to the sequence of SEA stages shown in Figure 1.1. Although the stages will be discussed individually, they are — or should be — inextricably interlinked, with feedback loops as shown in the figure. Not every SEA will involve all of the stages, nor will all the stages be carried out in the same depth. Similarly, not all of the methodologies are useful for all types of SEAs. Box 3.1 identifies key considerations that affect what methodologies are used for a given SEA.
