Energy and environmental quality in the urban built environment

Cities are increasingly expanding their boundaries and populations. From the climatological point of view, human history is the history of urbanisation. Industrialisation and urbanisation have affected dramatically the number of urban buildings being constructed, and this has had a major effect on the energy consumption of cities. Today, at least 170 cities support more than I million inhabitants each, and estimates show that 80% of the total world population will live in cities by 2100.