ABSTRACT
A Polish–Lithuanian army had succeeded in defeating the armed forces of the Teutonic Knights and, in so doing, had fundamentally changed the pattern of international relations in the part of Europe. In Lithuania the battle is known as the 'Battle at Zalgiris', a translation of the Polish Grunwald, meaning Grunenvelt or Grunfelde. After the Grunwald festival that had brought the whole nation together, it took until 1973 before a new component was added to those monuments already existing on the battlefield. In 1901, on the two-hundredth anniversary of the founding of the Prussian monarchy, the Germans erected the first memorial of the twentieth century on the battlefield of 1410: a big stone in the centre of the ruins of Mary Chapel with an inscription to honour the fallen Grand Master Ulrich of Jungingen. By 1924, a plan to build a Tannenberg national monument at Hohenstein in East Prussia was set in motion.
