ABSTRACT
Trauma is the greatest cause of death and acquired disability in children. When the genitourinary (GU) system is involved, the kidney is the most ­frequently injured organ. While GU injuries may not necessarily present with life-threatening injuries, missed injuries may contribute to significant patient morbidity. Thus, a high index of suspicion should be maintained for GU injury for any blunt or penetrating injury to the abdomen, flank, or groin. Exploratory laparotomy for trauma involved making a vertical midline laparotomy incision from xiphoid to pubis to and allow for complete inspection of the intra-abdominal contents. Repair of major vascular, spleen, liver, and bowel injuries should be performed before renal exploration. Traumatic ureteral injury in children is rare due to the small caliber of the ureter, its mobility, and protection by surrounding back muscles and retroperitoneal fat. Diagnosis of ureteral injury more than 6 days after initial trauma is usually managed with a percutaneous nephrostomy tube and/or a stent.
