ABSTRACT
This chapter suggests that the supervisors with high recognition are oriented primarily to managing the expansion of their organization. And this orientation is a result of the intersection of the histories of the supervisors' careers and of the organization's development. The expansion orientation of supervisors—determined by their position, career concern, and high recognition—is in sharp contrast to the feelings of senior investigators with high recognition who also have their career concern well in hand. These senior investigators feel more worried and less pleased over the prospective change in emphasis on goals. The criterion for local-cosmopolitan orientation was the direction of the scientist's work effort. Highly motivated scientists did more, both for basic research and for the organization. The junior and senior investigators with high recognition and the supervisors with low recognition are clearly the basic research local-cosmopolitans. The investigators with high recognition and the supervisors with low recognition put their strongest effort into basic research.
