ABSTRACT
To a pilot flying without the benefit of instruments, a contour map of a general area drawn from a considerable altitude would, of course, be of value if its avowed purpose were to prevent a landing in enemy territory. However, if the aim is to obtain a report on the pulse of life in the territory below, such a map would scarcely be of much assistance. And so with a contour map of a so-called "practical representative," whose features are drawn from so high a level of abstraction that the more interesting, and perhaps even the more significant, features are left out. Take Professor Diggs' sketch of a "practical representative" as a case in point. At best, it tells us where not to land—for instance, not to mistake a practical representative for a substitute, not to fall into the trap of identifying someone as a practical representative merely because he reflects the principal's 44interests, or does a job for the principal, or commits him to normative consequences or ascribes responsibility to him, for in all of these instances, these functions could also be performed by someone who is not a representative at all. Thus the danger of mistaken identity.
