ABSTRACT
This chapter explains the principal common elements - the themes - on which a very large number of variations can be, and are, developed by different scientists. The actualization of scientific processes usually brings about a reduction in speed and an increase in the rigor and formalization with which trials are carried out, because it subjects the entire trial process to the constraints and intransigences of the material world. Scientific subprocess almost always involves a series of preliminary trials. Sometimes these trials are wholly imaginary; that is, the scientist manipulates images in his mind of objects not present to his senses. 'Hypothesis-testing' studies, however, are likely to have more explicit, more formalized and more thoroughly integrated foundations in all elements of the scientific process. The marginality of information components is meant to signify their ability to be transformed into each other, under the indicated controls, and thus to play at least dual roles in the scientific process.
