ABSTRACT
Ghetto, formerly a street or quarter of a city in which all Jewish people were compelled to reside. The ghetto of Rome, to which all Jewish inhabitants of the eternal city were forcibly transferred, was established in 1556. The ghettos in Western Europe were opened in the wake of the French Revolution, but permanently abolished only in the course of the nineteenth century. Modern sociology can be traced to the Scottish moralists such as Adam Ferguson, David Hume, Adam Smith, and possibly to Thomas Hobbes. Scientifically, the influence of Marxism was much more pronounced within the mainstream of academic sociology than among orthodox Marxists. In England, Morris Ginsberg developed a comparative sociological approach, based on evolutionary and social-psychological components; he was the editor of the Jewish Journal of Sociology. Compulsory ghettos were revived by the Nazis during World War II, but without the redeeming features of internal autonomy.
