During the summer of 2002, which marked the thirtieth anniversary of the passage of Title IX of the Education Amendments Act, President George W. Bush initiated through the United States Department of Education an inquiry into the effectiveness of Title IX as it pertains to athletics in schools. More than two hundred years previously, Frederick Nietzsche, in his treatise on the relationship between what he called the "historical" and "unhistorical", explained that, "for the health of a single individual, a people, and a culture the unhistorical and the historical are equally essential". Living with the past in the present while simultaneously accommodating a desire on the part of some members of society to leave the past behind is joined often to a desire on the part of others to hold fast to traditional ways of thinking. Strong women are not inclined to acknowledge vulnerability.