ABSTRACT
Fundamental opposition to group care based on philosophical considerations and psychoanalytic theory is common in the United States. Kardiner, reviewing boastful Khruschevian proposals and kibbutz programs, points to the possible risks involved. To be sure, advocacy of massive group care in the Soviet Union was soon abandoned, leaving boarding schools considerably less well supported than Kardiner assumed they would be; nevertheless, the Soviet and kibbutz views on group care arc far out, and Kardiner treats them as such. Interestingly, at about the same time another psychoanalyst (Rettelheim 1962) produced a ringing defense of communal education as practiced in the kibbutz.
