ABSTRACT
Norman Markowitz, for instance, included Isserman as part of a ''new group of anti-Communist caretakers," along with myself, and Gerald Horne castigated Mark Naison for writing ''rot'' in his revisionist account of the Communist Party of the United States of America (CPUSA) in Harlem. Some traditionalists identified with left-wing critiques of Communism; others retained both a respect and affection for what used to be called "Cold War" liberalism. There were divisions among those who called themselves revisionists or "new historians of American Communism". The first generation of scholars of the CPUSA were bitter political opponents of Communism—either one-time Party members like Theodore Draper, former Trotskyists like Irving Howe, or Social Democrats like Daniel Bell. Although some revisionists tried to downplay the significance of this monetary support or labeled it "old news," it reinforced the argument that the CPUSA had many strands tying it to Moscow.
