ABSTRACT
This chapter examines differences in brown-collar wage penalties for native white, native black, native Latino, and earlier-immigrant Latino men across multiple local labor markets. It includes multi-level modeling to analyze wage determination for different groups of native-born men as well as for earlier-immigrant Latino men in local brown-collar occupations. The individual-level data are for men who are US-born whites, blacks, or Latinos, or earlier-immigrant Latinos. The chapter argues that substantial pay penalties exist for individuals employed in brown-collar occupations. The approach is grounded in: literature on the potential impact of immigrant workers on native earnings; and research on the effects of minority occupational composition on pay. The chapter investigates racial/ethnic/immigrant differences in the magnitude of pay penalties associated with brown-collar occupations. It also includes hierarchical modeling, predicting individuals' annual earnings as a function of both individual-level and occupation-by-MA level characteristics.
