ABSTRACT
This chapter will outline the way contemporary Japanese exclusionism and discrimination has manifested most prominently against ethnic Korean schools. The issue will be split into an analysis of the Japanese state’s exclusionism of Korean schools “from above,” and the exclusionism emerging “from below,” or in other words, from the grassroots of Japanese society. More specifically, the exclusionism by the Japanese governments of Korean school students from the High School Tuition Support Fund Program and educational subsidies will be discussed. The hate speech and hate crimes aimed at Korean school students such as the attack on the First Kyoto Korean Elementary School will also be discussed. This chapter will also introduce numerous resistance movements by Zainichi Koreans that have emerged to counter the discrimination and exclusionism “from above and below,” to illustrate the ongoing threats from Japanese colonialism. More specifically, legal challenges by Korean schools against the attackers of the First Kyoto Korean Elementary School and the Japanese governments will be introduced, including the campaign by Zainichi Koreans at the United Nations human rights bodies.
