ABSTRACT
‘No, Pi, we didn’t win; everybody lost.’ Not spoken by David Cameron to his young daughter as the Brexit votes came in at dawn on 24 June 2016—but they might have been. They were in fact spoken 58 years earlier by Chief Minister Norman Manley of Jamaica to his young grand-daughter’s (Rachel) sleepy question: ‘Pade (Grandpa), did we win?’ The chief minister had called a referendum to settle for all time whether Jamaica would be ‘in’ (as he wanted) or ‘out’ of the West Indian Federation as it went forward to independence in unity.
