ABSTRACT
Maintenance is an expression of the ownership of property. This chapter describes the elements in the crime prevention through environmental design (CPTED). The maintenance and activity support aspects of CPTED are often treated separately because they are not physical design elements within the built environment. The broken windows theory describes the importance of maintenance to deter crime and supports a zero tolerance approach to property maintenance, observing that the presence of a single broken window will entice vandals to break more windows in the vicinity. Activity support increases the use of a built environment for safe activities with the intent of increasing the risk of detection of criminal and undesirable activities. The chapter also describes some of the primary obstacles to the adoption of the CPTED.
