ABSTRACT
This chapter provides a comparative study on norms between several languages such as Arabic, Chinese, English, French, Japanese, Russian and Thai which has led to the generation of and use of controlled language for applications in machine translation for safety critical domains in avoiding the pitfalls of translation and without post-edition. It focuses on how and why people use the systemic linguistic analysis theory which has its roots in systemic and indeed micro-systemic analysis and in discrete mathematics not only to analyse languages but also to generate languages. The two resulting methodologies give rise to three applications, controlled languages, machine translations and sense mining, all three for use in safety and security mission- critical domains which means that any work undertaken must ensure reliable results. The syntactic criteria verb and noun do not provide a better aid, seeing that in some languages an adjective can be the subject of a verb.
