ABSTRACT

This chapter advocates for the cross-cultural approach attempting to distinguish between different groups and times, and to establish behavioral, psychological and other phenomena common to most people and groups. The author discusses cultures within several dichotomies, including collectivism-individualism, high and low power distance, high and low uncertainty orientation, high and low tightness, and high and low traditionalism. This chapter argues that phenomena referring to human behavior are revealing themselves simultaneously in at least two dimensions: universal and culture specific. At the same time, there are peripheral features (no less important though) bound to particular cultural, political, and historic contexts. The chapter concludes that key methods of character assassination remain amazingly consistent. At the same time, people constantly refine and enhance their character attacks.