ABSTRACT
In this chapter, the author explains there are multiple, rich, and highly localized reasons why 1968 in Brazil begs understanding. She suggests four kinds of transnational connections that she sees operating when we talk about the global 1960s: what she calls commemorative connections, literal connections, aspirational connections, and conspiratorial connections. She also probably responded by denying that there was much meaningful connection, emphatically pointing out the many reasons why the Brazilian 1968 needed to be understood on its own terms. She reflected on her earlier reluctance to take up the question of possible transnational connections in 1968, she came to realize that part of her original reluctance lay with what she saw as the limiting focus on causality that seemed to animate many inquiries into this topic. The Brazilian literary critic Roberto Schwarz has written of "thirdworldism" shared by many Latin American activists and artists that they constituted the vanguard of a new global direction, both anti-imperialist and anti-Stalinist.
